PROGRAMS OF STUDY AND COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
Courses A-C | Courses E-F | Courses H-J | Courses M-P | Courses R-Y

 Hebraic Studies Hebrew History  
Information Systems Jewish Education Jewish History  
Jewish Philosophy Jewish Studies Judaic Studies

HEBRAIC STUDIES (HES)
 
This designation is used to indicate block transfer credit granted for courses taken in the Rebecca Ivry Department of Jewish Studies or through the S. Daniel Abraham Israel Program.
 
Rebecca Ivry Department of Jewish Studies, Stern College
A comprehensive four-year program of studies in Hebrew language and literature and Jewish culture and civilization on the elementary, intermediate, and advanced levels. The student is provided with a reading, writing, and speaking knowledge of Hebrew; becomes acquainted with the basic texts of ancient, medieval, and modern Hebrew literature (including Biblical literature with classical and modern commentaries, and Jewish legal literature); and gains a knowledge of Jewish history and philosophy.
 
1303 through 1396 Hebrew Language and Literature. 3-6 credits each.
Block credits transferred to the B.A. for courses taken in this department.
 
S. Daniel Abraham Joint Israel Program of Yeshiva University
 
1400 through 1499 Hebrew Language and Literature
Block transfer credit granted for courses taken in the University's Israel Program. Up to 18 credits per semester and a maximum of 36 credits per year are granted at Stern College.

HEBREW (HEB) 
Jewish Studies majors may concentrate in Hebrew. See the description of the Jewish Studies major.
 
1101-1102 Elementary Hebrew I, II. 3 credits.
No credit if taken after two or more years of high school Hebrew. Introduction to the reading, writing, translating, and speaking of Hebrew; first principles of grammar.
 
1103-1104 Lower Intermediate Hebrew I, II. 3 credits.
No credit if taken after two or more years of high school Hebrew; students with three years of high school Hebrew may enter HEB 1104 or 1203 with permission of the instructor. The continuation of this course is HEB 1203.
 
1203-1204 Intermediate Hebrew I, II. 3 credits.
No credit if taken after four years of high school Hebrew; students with superior records in HEB 1102 or in 1104 or in high school Hebrew may enter HEB 1204 with permission of the instructor. Review of grammar, selected readings and translation, composition and conversation. The continuation of this course is HEB 1205.
 
1205, 1206 Upper Intermediate Hebrew. 3 credits.
Review of grammar, practice in writing and speaking Hebrew. Readings in modern Hebrew literature. The continuation of this course is HEB 1207 or 1231.
 
1207-1208 Upper Intermediate Hebrew III, IV. 3 credits.
Graded readings, composition, and conversation. Unvocalized texts and easy Israeli newspapers are used.
Prerequisite: HEB 1206 or equivalent, with good knowledge of grammar.
 
1231 Conversational Hebrew. 3 credits.
Directed toward the development of fluency in speaking Hebrew.
Prerequisite: HEB 1204 or 1205.
 
1311 Advanced Grammar. 3 credits.
Hebrew syntax and grammar; varieties of construction and idioms; compositions and exercises.
Prerequisite: HEB 1206.
 
1321, 1322 Biblical Hebrew. 3 credits.
Review of basic forms; principles of phonology, morphology, and syntax.
 
1409, 1410 Advanced Conversation. 3 credits.
Spoken modern Hebrew, using advanced textbooks and Israeli newspapers.
2020 Early Hebrew Poetry. 3 credits.
Historical-philological approach to the study of early Hebrew poetry; the application of different linguistic forms to similar themes.
 
2409; 2410 Post-Biblical and Medieval Literature. 3 credits.
Hebrew literature from the close of the Biblical period through the medieval period; selections from the Apocrypha, paitanim, and medieval prose and poetry, with emphasis on Maimonides, Yehudah Halevi, and Ibn Gabirol.
 
2525 Medieval Hebrew Poetry. 3 credits.
Selected readings in the Hebrew poetry of the Middle Ages, with emphasis on Yehudah Halevi, Shmuel Hanagid, Solomon Ibn Gabirol, and Abraham Ibn Ezra.
 
2535 Medieval Hebrew Prose. 3 credits.
Selected readings in Hebrew prose of the Middle Ages, with emphasis on Maimonides.
 
2567, 2568 Modern Hebrew Literature. 3 credits.
The movement for Enlightenment (Haskalah) and the national renaissance, with readings in the major writers of the period.
 
2607 Foundations of Haskalah Literature. 3 credits.
The literature of the period of the Enlightenment, with readings in J. L. Gordon, Krochmal, M. J. Lebenson, Luzatto, Mapu, and Smolenskin.
 
2657 Modern Hebrew Prose. 3 credits.
The Hebrew short story and novel from 1880 to the present.
 
2667 The Hebrew Novel. 3 credits.
Critical study of representative works of such writers as Agnon, Barash, Brenner, Hazaz, Meged, and Mendele.
 
2669 The Hebrew Short Story. 3 credits.
Detailed examination of the short story genre, its main characteristics, motifs, themes, and techniques as reflected in the works of Agnon, Applefeld, Baron, Hazaz, Oz, Shenhar, Shoffman, and others.
 
2677 The Modern Hebrew Essay. 3 credits.
Selected readings from the 19th and 20th centuries.
 
2679 Modern Hebrew Poetry. 3 credits.
Major poems of modern masters from 1880 to the present.
 
2687 Foundations of Renaissance Literature. 3 credits.
The works of Ahad Ha'am, Bialik, and Mendele.
 
2688 Twentieth-Century Literature. 3 credits.
Hebrew prose and poetry of the 20th century; literary analysis of selected readings of the major modern authors.
 
2697; 2698 Contemporary Hebrew Literature. 3 credits.
Hebrew prose and poetry since 1948; literary analysis of selected readings of the major authors.
 
2709; 2710; 2719; 2720; 2729; 2730; 2739; 2740 Topics in Hebrew Literature. 3 credits.
Each semester examines a specific area, such as literature of the Holocaust, war and peace in contemporary Israeli literature, portrayal of the Arab in Israeli literature, Biblical themes in Israeli literature, the Kibbutz in Israeli literature, Zionism in Hebrew literature.
 
2801 through 2899 Studies in Individual Authors and Their Works. 3 credits.

2810 Agnon
 
2819 Barash

2927 Biblical Themes in Modern Hebrew Literature. 3 credits.
 
4901, 4902 Independent Study
See Academic Information and Policies section. 
 
4931; 4932 Selected Topics. 3 credits.
Assigned topics, regular conferences, and a report.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

HISTORY (HIS)
 
Major: Stern College
HIS 1001, 1002, 4930 and an additional 21 credits in HIS courses, of which 6 credits must be in American History. With the permission of the senior professor, up to 6 credits in Jewish History (in excess of those used to meet the Jewish Studies requirement) may be counted toward the major.

Minor: Stern College
HIS 1001, 1002 and 9 additional credits in HIS courses. Up to 3 credits in Jewish History (in excess of those used to meet the Jewish Studies requirement) may be counted toward the minor.
 
Courses in Jewish History are listed under JHI.
 
1001; 1002 Western Civilization. 3 credits.
First semester: major themes in the cultural, political, and social evolution of the West from antiquity to the Reformation. Second semester: survey of European history from the age of absolutism in the 17th century to the end of the Cold War.
 
1120 Medieval Society. 3 credits.
History of European politics, society, and religion in the Middle Ages, from the 5th to the 14th centuries.
 
1140 The Renaissance and Reformation. 3 credits.
European thought and culture in the age of transition from the 14th to the 17th centuries.
 
1210 Early Modern Europe. 3 credits.
The 17th and 18th centuries: rise of the nation state, first scientific revolution, the Enlightenment and its impact on political theory and religion.

1230 Early European Expansion. 3 credits.
The expansion of Europe — its increasing economic, political, social, and demographic ties with Asia, Africa, and the New World —  during the early modern period.  We will examine how this expansion developed in a context of late medieval European political and economic consolidation.  The success of early European expansion led to new economic and political systems, and new concepts of identity, around the world.  Consideration of Europe’s place in the early 18th-century world.

1240 Revolutionary Europe. 3 credits.
Social, political, and economic conditions in 18th-century France; the French Enlightenment and its revolutionary implications; the Revolution and its European impact; domestic and foreign policies of Napoleon.
 
1248 Modern Europe I: 1815-1914. 3 credits.
European history from the Congress of Vienna to the outbreak of the First World War. The industrial revolution and its impact, nation building and imperialism, socialism, revolutions in communications and the birth of mass politics.
 
1249 Modern Europe II: 1914-present. 3 credits.
European history from the First World War to the fall of the Soviet Union and the integration of western Europe; the Russian Revolution and the rise of fascism; the Second World War, collaboration and resistance, the Holocaust; the Cold War, anti-colonial struggles, decolonization; radio, movies, television and mass culture; new movements of social liberation; the Velvet Revolution.
 
1285 The Holocaust. 3 credits. (Same as JHI 1485.)
The emergence of modern anti-Semitism and racial ideology; Nazi implementation of the “Final Solution”; problem of the Judenrat; life in the ghettos and camps; Allied, Christian, and world Jewish reactions; resistance; post-Holocaust literary and theological reflection. 

1400 Greek Civilization. 3 credits.
The political, social and cultural history of Greek civilization from its origins in the second millennium B.C.E. to the period of Roman domination. The rise and fall of nations and leaders; the daily life in ancient Greece; the development of Greek literature, art and philosophy; and the interaction of Greeks with the other peoples of the ancient Mediterranean world (especially the Phoenicians, Persians, Jews and Romans).

1410 Roman Civilization. 3 credits.
The social, political, cultural, religious and economic history of Rome from the city’s foundation in the 8th century B.C.E. to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE with particular emphasis on the late Republic and Early Empire. Examination of different types of evidence available for the study of ancient Rome (literary, archaeological, numismatic, papyrological, epigraphic and artistic) and current resources and problems in the field of Roman History.

1451 Modern France. 3 credits.
Political, social and cultural history of France from 1815 to the present. The revolutionary tradition and the search for political stability in the 19th century; colonialism, the "civilizing mission" and the Algerian War of Independence; intellectuals and the ideal of "engagement"; collaboration and resistance during World War II.
 
1461 Modern Germany. 3 credits.
The evolution of German society, culture, and politics from the defeat of Napoleon to the collapse of the Berlin Wall.
 
1501; 1502 History of Britain. 3 credits.
Political, social, and economic history of Britain. First semester: Anglo-Saxon period-1688; second semester: 1688-present.
 
1572 History of Russia. 3 credits.
Political and cultural history of Russia to the present, with emphasis on the 19th and 20th centuries.
 
1601; 1602 European Intellectual History. 3 credits.
First semester: the scientific revolution and the Enlightenment; the development of the public sphere in the 18th century; cultural origins of the French Revolution. Second semester: Romanticism and the critique of Enlightenment rationality; Hegel and Marx; modernism and the crisis of historicism. 
 
2005; 2006 Survey of United States History. 3 credits.
Aspects of American history that have contributed to the shaping of American culture; evaluation of political, social, and economic trends in the light of changing ideals.  First semester: colonial times to 1877; second semester: 1877 to the present.
 
2110 American Colonial History. 3 credits.
The origins and development of the English North American colonies from the early 17th century to the eve of the American Revolution. Contacts between Europeans and American Indians, Puritanism, slavery, economic growth, urbanization, relations with England.
 
2170 The United States: 1850-1877. 3 credits. 
Sectionalism, Civil War, and Reconstruction. Impact of slavery on American society. The “irrepressible” conflict. Military campaigns. The home front—North and South. The attempt to restructure Southern society and its failure. 
2200 The United States: 1877-1941. 3 credits.
Industrialization and the rise of corporate capitalism; growth of cities; expansion of the state; Progressivism and the New Deal; overseas expansion and the emergence of the United States as a world power.
 
2250 The United States: 1941-Present. 3 credits.
Domestic politics and international relations of the United States from World War II to the 1980s. The origins and impact of the Cold War; the Civil Rights struggle; Vietnam War; Watergate and the imperial presidency; economic and social change.
 
2255 The Great Depression and the New Deal. 3 credits.
Examination of the American economy of the 1920s and its weaknesses; the Depression and unemployment, and the new measures undertaken by the New Deal to counteract their devastating impact; the emerging new social forces that challenged the traditional political and social structures.
 
2301; 2302 American Cultural History. 3 credits.
Selected topics in 19th and 20th-century cultural history such as the myth of the frontier, the difference between "high" and "low" culture, working-class leisure activities, the rise of the film industry, the Jazz Age and the Harlem renaissance, the Depression, and the transformation of popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s. Not open to students who took 2301 in 1998.
 
2303; 2304 American Social History. 3 credits.
Selected themes in social history beginning with the market revolution and subsequent industrialization and its effects; the relationship between material life, and the culture, values, and politics of diverse groups of Americans; working people, nascent middle class, women, African Americans, immigrants. Not open to students who took 2301 before 1998.
 
2401 History of the American South. 3 credits.
Southern society, politics, and culture from the colonial period to the present. Early settlements, the rise of slavery, plantation culture, sectional conflict and the Civil War, Reconstruction, the Jim Crow era, poverty and economic development, the Civil Rights movement, the rise of the Sunbelt.
 
2510 History of American Foreign Policy. 3 credits.
United States foreign policy from the American Revolution until World War II. Continental expansion, the Monroe Doctrine, imperialism, the Open Door, neutrality and World War I, isolationism, the road to Pearl Harbor. This course may be counted toward a political science major as well.
 
2530 Ethnicity and Immigration in America. 3 credits.
The experience of national and ethnic immigrant groups from early settlements in the colonies to the present; the economic, political and religious rationale for migration; the social and cultural traditions and the expectations of the immigrants, their interaction with American society, and patterns of adaptation.
 
2540 The United States and Vietnam. 3 credits.
The Vietnam War with attention to traditional Vietnamese history, the struggle against French imperialism, the Cold War and American involvement in Vietnam, the impact of the war on Vietnamese society, the war at home, peace-making and withdrawal, the aftermath. 
 
2545 American Politics and Culture in the 1960s. 3 credits.
Politics and culture in the 1960s; the Vietnam War; the student, Civil Rights, and women’s movements; the rise of youth culture. 

2560 History of Women in the United States. 3 credits.
Historical survey of women's experiences in the United States from the colonial era to the present; changes in the economic role of women; family life; changing ideals of womanhood; suffrage movement; and feminism.
 
2580 American Minority History. 3 credits.
The role of ethnicity and race in United States history from the colonial era to the present. The collective histories of selected groups and how these histories intersected and formed an integral part of the American experience.
 
2581 American Jewish History. 3 credits. (Same as JHI 1573.)
Major political, economic, and cultural developments from colonial beginnings to the present; the Jewish experience in its American historical context; the Jewish labor movement, rise of American Zionism, and role of American Jewry during the Holocaust.
 
2621 The History of New York City. 3 credits.
New York from colonial times to the present. The city's economy, people, and communities; building the city's infrastructure; local politics; the image of New York in American culture; contemporary economic and political trends.
 
3208 Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. 3 credits.
An introduction to the 20th-century history of Eastern Europe,  defined as those
countries lying between Germany and the former Soviet Union, between the First World War and the Collapse of Communism in 1989. Examination of the political, social, and economic development of the region, stressing its multilingual and multinational character. Topics include the impact of the Russian Revolution on the region, attempts to establish democratic institutions in the 1920s, economic crises during the Depression, the rise of authoritarian rule in the 1930s, and the international dimension of the national minorities problem. The tragic consequences of the Second World War in the regions, the Soviet seizure of power, and the incorporation of Eastern Europe into the Soviet zone of Europe. The post-Stalinist thaw, failed revolts in Hungary and Poland, the dissident movement, and the causes of the revolutions of 1989.
 
3221; 3222 The Middle East. 3 credits.
First semester: rise of Islamic civilization until 1800; Islam's origins and political, economic, and cultural nature; relationships with non-Islamic groups. Second semester: 1800 to the present; decline of the Ottoman Empire, challenge of the European states, Arab nationalism.

3224 History of Islam. 3 credits.
Introduction to the history of Islam from its founding in 7th-century Arabia through approximately the 17th century. Development of the Islamic religion and culture, with special attention to the early years of Islamic history.

3300 History of East Asia. 3 credits.
Introduction to the history and culture of the major civilizations of East Asia, with particular focus on China and Japan. The development of traditional society and the growth and transformation of Confucian ideas and institutions. Covers the differing responses of China and Japan to the challenge of Western imperialism, impact of World War II on East Asia, and the Chinese Revolution.
 
4150 Historiography. 3 credits.
The development of modern historical writing since the Enlightenment, focusing on the multiple relations between history and other disciplines, including philosophy, literature, sociology, anthropology, and “critical theory.” The course encourages critical reflection on history as something made—“crafted”—rather than simply given.

4223 Images of Empire: Rulers, Slaves, and their Classical Models. 3 credits.
The enduring power of classical models of empire in the Western tradition over the past 2000 years. The influence of the Athenians and Roman Empires on empires in the Western tradition, from Charlemagne to Mussolini. How ancient discussions of slaves affected their more modern counterparts; images of rulers, including debates about female rulers looking at Cleopatra and her successors.

4301 History of the Family. 3 credits.
The family as an historical institution. Traces its changing forms, functions, and meanings from the mid-15th century to the present.
 
4693 Women, Culture and Society in the Modern World. 3 credits.
Interdisciplinary course examining the changing historical, cultural, and literary concepts of “women,” focusing on Europe and America in the 19th and 20th centuries. A topical approach is used to explore women’s lives through important literary sources, historical documents, and scholarly materials. 

4695 Modernity. 3 credits. (Same as Political Science 1895.)
Interdisciplinary course on change and how individuals and societies respond to it. Topics may include traditional society; revolution, identity, and the state; technology; modernity and city life; globalization and the third world.
 
4697 Nationalism in the Modern World. 3 credits.
The genesis and evolution of nationalism in 19th- and 20th-century Europe; contrasting styles of nationalist culture; the nation as an "imagined community"; the invention of tradition; anti-colonial nationalism in Asia and Africa.
 
4901; 4902 Independent Study
See Academic Information and Policies section.
 
4930 Seminar. 3 credits.
In-depth coverage of selected topics. Primary materials analysis and research paper. For upper-level history majors and others with permission of the instructor.

4935 Senior Research Project. 3 credits
Required for graduating History Majors. Two semester workshop. First semester: (no credit) Periodic meetings of graduating majors to discuss methodology and prepare for writing independent research paper. Second semester: (three credits) Independent research and writing of senior paper under direction of faculty member chosen by the student. Periodic meetings of graduating Majors.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS (INF)
 
Major: Sy Syms School

Business Core (12 courses; 36 credits):
ACC 1001, 1002; BLW 2021; ECO 1011, 1021, 1221; FIN 1001; INF 1020; MAN 1020; MAR 1001; STB 1131, 1456, or 1601.
 
Business Programming Track:
Five courses: 2125, 2226, 2822, 2823, 3560; two chosen from INF 2128, 2250, 2251, 2255, 2610, 3514, 3830, 3831, 3832,3835, and MAN 2110 and BUS 4741 or one course chosen from ACC, ENT, FIN, MAN, MAR, and INF 4970.
 
Systems Administrative Track:
five courses: INF 2125, 2226, 3121, 3123, 3514; two chosen from INF 2128, 2250, 2251, 2255, 2610, 2822, 2823, 3560, 3830, 3834, and MAN 2110 and BUS 4741 or one course chosen from ACC, ENT, FIN, MAN, MAR, and INF 4970.

Minor: Sy Syms School:
Five courses chosen from 2125, 2128, 2226, 2250, 2255, 2610, 2822, 2823, 3121, 3123, 3514, 3560, 3830, 3831, 3832, 3834, 3835.
 
1020 Management Information Systems Overview. 3 credits.
Overview of the role and functions of modern management information systems in business organizations; introduction to MIS and to computer usage, including computer hardware and operating systems, software, databases, distributed systems, and data communication; issues such as human factors in MIS, impact of MIS on organizations, and use of MIS in other countries. Students receive hands-on experience through PC spreadsheets, word processing, and database usage. 
 
2125 C++ Programming for Business. 3 credits.
Object-oriented approach to solving business computer programming problems; a thorough practical learning experience of object-oriented programming methods using the C++ language. Reducing system development time. Increasing productivity by application programmers, code reusability, and lower system maintenance costs.
Prerequisite: INF 1020.
 
2128 Java Programming. 3 credits.
Java programming language is discussed in detail along with Java's extensive packages and the skills necessary to develop Java applications and applets. Concepts covered are exception handling, GUI programming with AWT, input/output, threads, networking, and native methods.
Co- or prerequisite: INF 1020, 2226. 
 
2226 Advanced C++ for Business. 3 credits.
Advanced programming techniques for designing object-oriented business applications with the C++ language. Basic objects as low-level data manipulation, such as linked list and sorting, to high-level graphical user interface objects, such as Windows. Application development from design to implementation stages.
Prerequisite: INF 2125.
 
2250 Internet for Business. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2250.)
Exploration of opportunities created by the rapidly expanding Internet, with emphasis on commerce and industry. History and components, World Wide Web, gopher space, ftp, telenet, usenet, e-mail, use and strategies, search engines, webpage design, multimedia, browser, slip/ppp access, software, hardware, and troubleshooting.
Prerequisite: INF 1020.
 
2251 Advanced Internet for Business. 3 credits (Same as ENT 2251.)
Building on the material covered in Internet for Business I, this course gives students a more complete understanding of the strategic implications that the Internet has for business in the new Millennium. Advanced HTML, techniques for improving web site design and effectiveness, sophisticated web development tools, maximizing the benefits of internal and external search engines, customer- integrated transaction-processing systems, domains and the hosting of web pages, intranets and extranets, on-line databases. Object-oriented approach to design and the convergence of emerging technologies for the Internet.
Prerequisite: ENT/INF 2250. 
 
2255 E-Commerce: Internet Marketing. 3 credits. (Same as ENT 2255; MAR 2255.)
The practical applications of e-commerce in the marketplace today, including both customer-to-business and intra-business interactions. Associated business models, security and firewalls protocols (authentication, encryption, SSL, X.509, LDAP), electronic payment protocols (SET, e-cash), collaboration/on-line catalogs, and the required network infrastructure (TCP/IP).
Prerequisite: INF 1020, MAR 1001.
 
2610 Business Operating Systems. 3 credits.
Major operating-system environments that are implemented by all types of organizations: operating system utilities such as file management, disk management, memory management, back-up and restore, data recording, data compression. Hands-on experience in demonstrating the capabilities of several operating systems.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus 2125, 2226, or one year of programming.
 
2822 Systems Analysis I. 3 credits.
Processes, techniques, and issues related to the analysis and design of business information systems. The system development life cycle, project feasibility, cost/benefit analysis, input, output, and file design. Techniques such as data flow diagrams, entity relationship diagrams, process descriptions, and Bachman diagrams. A CASE tool, Visible Analysis Workbench, is used to generate many of these constructs. ACCESS will be used to illustrate prototyping of input and output documents.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus one year of programming.
 
2823 Systems Analysis II. 3 credits.
Applies the methods discussed in Systems Analysis I. Working in small groups, students utilize the tools of structured analysis and design to analyze and design a computer-based information system. The project includes problem definition and data gathering; feasibility study analyzing technological, operational and economic feasibility of the project; logical system design; file and database design; and input and output prototyping. Covers project management techniques including project scheduling, monitoring and control; change control; and project reporting.
Prerequisite: INF 2822.
 
3121 Systems Administration. 3 credits.
Essential disciplines, major areas of knowledge and understanding, and some practical application of computer systems administration in the business environment. Covers current technology with brief reference to the history of modem computing and some discussion of the future. Focuses on the Windows NT and Unix operating systems, and encompasses the IP network protocol.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus one INF elective.
 
3123 Systems Security. 3 credits.
Essential principles and practices of computer systems security: security organization, physical security, access control, communication security, cryptography, systems security, integrity, reliability, availability, security modes, risk management, network and Internet security, and operating systems security.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus 3121.
 
3514 Telecommunications. 3 credits.
Communications networking in business with emphasis on the issues and techniques for design and operation of wide-area networks (WANs), local-area networks (LANs), and remote-access service (RAS). Network topology, routing, circuit and packet switching, security, queuing, and network management. The role of information systems communication networks as they relate to business organizations and business decision-making processes. Hands-on experience using appropriate application packages on networks.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus one year of programming. 
 
3560 Database Design. 3 credits.
The overall organization, design, and development of database applications. Conceptual data modeling, data security and integrity, distributed data management, recovery strategies, and overall database administration.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus one year of programming. 
 
3830 Computer Technology. 3 credits.
Basic functions of a computer system, its architecture and components; system software: operating systems, interpreters, compilers; application software: application programs, files, database models, languages; software packages. Computers from micros to mainframes are considered. Students build a computer from kits.
Prerequisite: INF 1020 plus one Information Systems elective.
 
3831 End-User Computing in Business. 3 credits.
Role of the microcomputer as a stand-alone or part of a host-based system; single-user and multiple-user micros; data communication requirements; impact on office automation, managerial and clerical decision support; remote data entry; evaluation, implementation, and management of end-user computing.
Prerequisite: INF 1020.
 
3832 Selected Topics: Web Design. 3 credits.
Students will register for and maintain an on-line journal, register for a web site and publish pages on the Internet, learn to use the mechanics of HTML for creating a website with form and content, use the mechanics of MS FrontPages 2000 to facilitate work on a website, use graphics software in conjunction with scanning images, use MS PhotoDraw to enhance the design of graphics, and learn about design issues in webpage authoring.
Prerequisite: INF 1020.
 
3834 Management and Technology. 3 credits. (Same as MAN 3834.)
Information technology is examined as a managerial resource. Extensive discussion and analysis of the organizations structural, cultural and operational resources as they relate to the information technology function.
Prerequisite: INF 1020, MAN 1020.

3835 Advanced Visual Basic. 3 credits.
Building on INF 3831, course to include database programming using Active Data Objects (ADO), the use of classes and collections in object-oriented programming, Active-X controls, User Interface Design in Windows, the Windows Application Programming Interface (API), debugging and handling.
Prerequisite: INF 3831.
 
4970 Senior Research Paper or Project. 2 hours. No credits.
An individualized approach to assisting each student in selecting a topic and designing and completing her senior research paper required for graduation. Students work one-on-one with a faculty member in their discipline, as well as under the supervision of technical manager, and may work on an Information Systems project in conjunction with industry. Technical report and final presentation are required.
Prerequisite: senior status.

JEWISH EDUCATION (JED)
 
Major: Stern College
See informational sheet for the Hebrew Teacher's Diploma. A joint bachelor's-master's program in Jewish Education is offered together with Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration. Interested students should consult the Office of the Registrar.
 
Courses in Jewish Education are not part of an organized program for the preparation of teachers in the public schools, and are therefore not applicable to certification by the New York State Education Department.
 
2313 through 2320 Methods and Materials in Teaching Specific Subjects. 2 credits.

2313 Teaching Hebrew
2314 Teaching Bible
2315 Teaching Talmud
2318 Teaching Jewish History
2319 Teaching Jewish Studies
2320 Teaching Jewish Ethics

2945 Practice Teaching in the Jewish School. 150 clock hours. 4 credits.
Practice student teaching under supervision in a recognized Jewish school.
Prerequisite or corequisite: two JED methods courses and permission of the instructor.
 
JEWISH HISTORY (JHI)
 
Major: Stern College.
Jewish Studies majors may concentrate in Jewish history. See the description of the Jewish Studies major.
 
Qualified upperclassmen may receive permission to take courses in Jewish history at Bernard Revel Graduate School. Consult the schedule to see the offerings available.
 
1001; 1002 Survey of Jewish History. 3 credits.
Political, social, economic, and cultural currents in the history of the Jews from the Second Commonwealth through modern times. First semester: Second Commonwealth, late Roman period, and Jewry in the orbit of Islam; second semester: the Jews in medieval Christendom; the development of modern Jewish history.
 
1101 Ancient Jewish History. 3 credits.
History of the Jews to the end of the First Commonwealth, 586 B.C.E.
 
1105; 1106 History of the Ancient Near East. 3 credits.
First semester: 3rd millennium B.C.E. to 1300 B.C.E.; second semester: 1300 B.C.E. to 586 B.C.E.
 
1200 Classical Jewish History. 3 credits.
History of the Jews from 300 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.
 
1201; 1202 Classical Jewish History. 3 credits.
History of the Jews from the Second Commonwealth through the Talmudic period (586 B.C.E.-500 C.E.).
 
1231 The Apocrypha. 3 credits.
Survey of the Apocrypha, with intensive analysis of one or more of those books; historical and literary aspects.
 
1233 Early Jewish Movements. 3 credits.
Systematic survey of the Sadducees, Essenes, Dead Sea Sect, Sicarii, Zealots, and other movements during the period of the Second Commonwealth; their relationship to Biblical, Apocryphal, and Rabbinic Judaism, as well as other movements, notably Christianity.
 
1235 The Dead Sea Scrolls. 3 credits.
Archeological, historical, and literary aspects of the scrolls; their place in the development of the Hebrew language and Jewish thought.
 
1300 Medieval Jewish History. 3 credits.
The Jewish people from the Gaonic period (500) to the end of the Thirty Years' War (1650).
 
1301; 1302 Medieval Jewish History. 3 credits.
The Jewish people from the Gaonic period (500 C.E.) to the Expulsion from Spain (1500).
 
1321 Jews in Medieval Christendom. 3 credits.
Jewish settlement in Italy and Franco-Germany; Rashi and the Tosafists; law and society; the Crusades and the origins of medieval anti-Semitism; Christian Spain—disputations, conversions, and Expulsion; the Jews in the Renaissance. 
1323 Origins of European Jewry. 3 credits.
Origins of Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jewry.
 
1325 Responsa Literature as a Source of Jewish History. 3 credits.
Social and economic life of the Jews in Germany, from the 11th to the 14th centuries, as reflected in Responsa.
 
1327 The Tosafists. 3 credits.
The literary and juridical creativity of Ashkenazic scholarship in the 12th and 13th centuries.
 
1329 History of Halakhah. 3 credits.
The historical development of post-Talmudic legal decision making.
 
1335 The Jews of Medieval Spain. 3 credits.
The Jews in Christian and Moslem Spain; the Golden Age; the Expulsion.
 
1344 Jewish-Christian Polemics. 3 credits.
The debates between Christians and Jews in the Middle Ages based on differences in philosophy and Biblical exegesis; their role in shaping and reflecting social and legal relationships.
 
1371 Jews in the Medieval Moslem World. 3 credits.
Judaism and Islam; the protected minority; Gaonate and Exilarchate; Karaism and false Messianism; Saadia Gaon and medieval Jewish philosophy; the flowering of Jewish culture in Moslem Spain; the migration to Provence.
 
1400 Modern Jewish History. 3 credits.
A one-semester survey of the material covered in 1401; 1402.
 
1401; 1402 Modern Jewish History I; II. 3 credits.
Rise and flowering of the Eastern European Jewish communities; Hasidism; the Enlightenment; the Emancipation and development of Western European Jewry; American Jewry; new religious currents; modern anti-Semitism and the Holocaust; Zionism and the founding of the State of Israel. First semester: 1600-1900; second semester: 1900-1948.
 
1403 Destruction of Polish Jewry. 3 credits.
Seminar analyzing the destruction of Polish Jewry during World War II.
 
1404 Modern Jewish Personalities. 3 credits.
 
1415; 1416 History of Zionism. 3 credits.
Rise and development of modern Jewish nationalism against the backdrop of contemporary Western civilization and the scope of Jewish history; writings of major Zionist ideologues; role of Zionism within the major Diaspora communities; impact of the rise of the Jewish state movement on the world political and diplomatic scene.
 
1451 The Jews in Eastern Europe I. 3 credits.
History of the Jewish people in Eastern Europe from the Early Settlement to the Third Partition of Poland (1795).
 
1452 The Jews in Eastern Europe II. 3 credits.
History of the Jewish people in Eastern Europe since 1795.
 
1457H From Tradition to Modernity: The Jewish Experience in Prague. 3 credits.
A hands-on survey of Jewish history, thought and literature as reflected in Prague from the Maharal to Kafka. A summer honors course offered abroad.
 
1471; 1472 Jews in the Modern Arab World. 3 credits.
Communal, economic, and cultural history of the Jews in Moslem lands in modern times.
Prerequisite: JHI 1002.
 
1485; 1486 The Holocaust. 3 credits. (JHI 1485 same as HIS 1285.)
The emergence of modern anti-Semitism and racial ideology; Nazi implementation of the “final solution”; problem of the Judenrat; life in the ghettos and camps; Allied, Christian, and world Jewish reactions; resistance; post-Holocaust literary and theological reflections. Under the Eli And Diana Zborowski Professorial Chair in Interdisciplinary Holocaust Studies 

1501; 1505 History of Palestine. 3 credits.
Immigration and settlements; relations with ruling powers; rise of independence. First semester: under the Turks, 1880-1918; second semester: under the British, 1919-1948.
 
1511; 1512 Modern Israel. 3 credits.
Comprehensive survey of the history of Israel from 1948 to the present; political, economic, and social developments; current problems.
 
1573 American Jewish History. 3 credits. (Same as HIS 2581.)
 
1575; 1576; 1577; 1578 American Jewish History. 3 credits.
The Jewish community in the United States: its development from earliest times; immigration and settlement; social, economic, and communal development; contribution to American civilization; the modern and contemporary scene—American Jews and the Holocaust, State of Israel, Civil Rights movement, Russian Jewry, inner-city tensions.

1803 Historiography. 3 credits.
Seminar on the great Jewish historians; their philosophy, method, and works from ancient times to the present.
 
1807; 1808;1809; 1810 Topics. 2 credits.
Selected topics in Jewish history.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.
 
1811 Messianic Movements in Judaism. 3 credits.
History of various Messianic movements among the Jewish people from the 1st to the 19th centuries.
 
1829; 1830; 1831; 1832; 1833; 1834 Jewish Intellectual History. 3 credits.
A sequence of courses focusing on, major themes in the intellectual history of the Jews from the Second Commonwealth to the present; readings almost exclusively from primary sources. 1829; 1830: classical period, 1831; 1832: medieval period; 1833: early modern period; 1834: modern period.
 
4901, 4902 Independent Study
See Academic Information and Policies section.

JEWISH PHILOSOPHY (JPH)
 
Major: Stern College
Jewish Studies majors may concentrate in Jewish philosophy. See the description of the Jewish Studies major.
 
Qualified upperclassmen may receive permission to take courses in Jewish philosophy at Bernard Revel Graduate School. Consult the schedule for offerings.
 
1131; 1132 Introduction to Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
Philosophical foundations of Judaism; readings from classical and contemporary writers; major religious and national issues and philosophical concepts; first semester: basic beliefs; second semester: contemporary issues. For beginning-, elementary-, and intermediate-level Jewish Studies students.
 
1135, 1136 Survey of Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
Survey of Jewish thought on selected present-day religious, moral, and ethical issues; discussion and analysis based on traditional and contemporary writings.
 
1203; 1204 Jewish Ethics. 3 credits.
The moral philosophy of Judaism; individual and social problems in light of Jewish ethical norms and values; readings from selected texts, both medieval and modern.
 
1214 Theories of Evil. 3 credits.
The problem and definition of evil as understood in Talmudic literature and medieval and modern Jewish philosophy.
 
1224 Theories of Prophecy. 3 credits.
Survey of medieval Jewish sources on the nature and scope of prophecy.
 
1309 Jewish Eschatology. 3 credits.
Analysis of textual sources—ancient, medieval, and modern—dealing with eschatology in Judaism. 

1441; 1442 History of Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
Problems and concerns of the major Jewish thinkers; role of philosophy within Judaism. First semester: through the medieval period; second semester: modern thought.

1611, 1612 Medieval Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
Selected topics and readings from Albo, Bahya, Crescas, Yehudah Halevi, Maimonides, Saadiah, and relevant background study (Neo-Platonism, Kalam, Aristotelianism).
 
1626 Philosophy of Saadiah Gaon. 3 credits.
Analysis of the Hebrew text of the Emunot ve-De'ot, emphasizing Saadiah's treatment of philosophical problems; comprehensive study of Saadiah's philosophy from the historical perspective.
 
1647; 1648 Philosophy of Yehudah Halevi. 3 credits.
Analysis of the Hebrew text of the Kuzari, emphasizing Halevi's views on the Jewish religion, Jewish history, the people of Israel, and pre-eminence of the Land of Israel; Halevi's philosophy and its relevance to contemporary Jewish life and thought. For intermediate and advanced students Jewish Studies.
 
1650 Philosophy of Maimonides. 3 credits.
Selections from the philosophical works of Maimonides: Sefer Ha-Mada of Mishneh Torah, the Eight Chapters, the Guide for the Perplexed.
 
1651; 1652; 1653; 1654 Philosophy of Maimonides. 3 credits.
More detailed studies of the material covered in JPH 1650.
 
1803; 1804 Jewish Thinkers of the Nineteenth Century. 3 credits.
Leading exponents of Jewish thought in the 19th century, with emphasis on the works of Moses Mendelssohn, N.H. Wessely, S.D. Luzzatto, and S.R. Hirsch.
 
1813; 1814 Modern Jewish Thought. 3 credits.
Introduction to the philosophical works of the great Jewish thinkers of the past two centuries. Selected readings.
 
1815; 1816 East European Jewish Thought. 3 credits.
Selections of representative religious thought from the writings of: the Tanya, the Gaon of Vilna, R. Hayyim of Volozhin, R. Israel Salanter and the Mussar Movement, the Hazon Ish, Rav Kook.
 
1817; 1818 Philosophy of Zionism. 3 credits.
 
1843; 1844 Contemporary Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
History and development of major currents in contemporary Jewish thought including Orthodoxy, Reform, Conservatism, Reconstructionism, and neo-Hasidism.
 
1845; 1846 Philosophy of Rav Soloveitchik. 2-3 credits.
Readings in Rabbi J.B. Soloveitchik's writings. The lecture supplies background material and contrast in general and Jewish philosophical reflection.
 
1853, 1854 Modern Jewish Problems. 3 credits.
Basic legal concepts, attitudes, and opinions relative to contemporary society that emerge from the Talmud, Commentaries, and Responsa literature.
 
1903 Belief and Religious Commitment. 3 credits.
Role of philosophy and the liberal arts (particularly literature) within a religious intellectual world-view; medieval views of Jewish philosophers (Albo, Bahya, Saadiah); modern criticisms of medieval positions; reworkings of the relation between faith and reason in modern thought (Barth, Kierkegaard, Newman); Jewish critiques and defenses of secular studies in the modern world (Hirsch, Lamm, Lichtenstein, B.B. Liebowitz, Soloveitchik, Wasserman); literature and religious belief (Jewish and non-Jewish texts).
 
1905 Philosophy of Prayer. 3 credits.
Analysis of the philosophy of prayer and of the Jewish prayer book.
 
1907, 1908 Philosophy of Biblical Laws. 3 credits.
Examination of classical and modern sources for their conception of selected mitzvot relative to the Halakhah, their Biblical origins, and their root meanings in Jewish philosophy. For intermediate and advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1917; 1918 Problems in Jewish Philosophy. 3 credits.
Selected topics including Faith and Doubt, Dogma, Free Will, Providence, the Holocaust, State of Israel. Guided research in addition to classroom meetings.
 
1921; 1922 Judaism and Culture. 3 credits.
Analysis of the concept of Torah im Derekh Eretz and comparison to other views on the relation of Torah and general culture.
Sponsored by Jacques Schwalbe
 
1924 Dogma in Jewish Thought. 3 credits.
Medieval and modern Jewish philosophical views of the concept of dogma.
 
4901, 4902 Independent Study
See Academic Information and Policies section. 
 
4931; 4932 Selected Topics. 3 credits.
Analytical study of special topics, issues, and movements in Jewish philosophy.

JEWISH STUDIES (JST)
 
Major: Stern College
Twenty-four (24) credits at the advanced level beyond those used to meet general degree requirements, with a concentration in one or two of the following areas: Bible, Hebrew, Jewish History, Jewish Philosophy, Judaic Studies. At most, two courses may be outside the area or areas of concentration. With written permission, graduate Jewish Studies courses may count toward the requirements for the major. Interested students must apply for permission to take such courses and specify that they wish them to count toward the major.
A joint bachelor's-master's program in Jewish Studies is offered with Bernard Revel Graduate School. Interested students should consult the Office of the Registrar.
 
Minor: Stern College
Fifteen (15) credits on the advanced level beyond those used to meet general degree requirements, with a concentration in one or two of the following areas: Bible, Hebrew, Jewish History, Jewish Philosophy, Judaic Studies. No courses may be outside the area or areas of concentration.

JUDAIC STUDIES (JUD)
 
Major: Stern College
Jewish Studies majors at Stern College may concentrate in Judaic Studies.
 
At Stern College, Judaic Studies courses are offered on the elementary, intermediate, and advanced levels. Students are placed on the proper level by examination.
 
1000 Introduction to Judaism. 3 credits.
Brief survey in one term of the material covered in 1001, 1002.
 
1001, 1002 Introduction to Judaism. 3 credits.
Basic Jewish concepts; analysis of the fundamental principles of Jewish legal history and thought.
 
1023; 1024 Jewish Legal Values and Concepts. 3 credits.
 
1200 through 1299 Jewish Liturgy.
History, philosophy, and laws of Jewish prayer.

1201; 1202. 3 credits.
History, order, and structure of the prayer book. For intermediate students.
 
1203; 1204. 3 credits.
Same as 1201; 1202. For advanced students.
 
1210. 3 credits.
The weekday service.
 
1215. 3 credits.
The Sabbath service.
 
1220. 3 credits.
The Festival services.

1350 Introduction to the Kabbalah. 3 credits.
Jewish mysticism; history and development of the Kabbalah; readings from the Zohar and related works on such topics as the Sefirot, Torah, the world, evil, and eschatology.
 
1371; 1372 Hasidism. 3 credits.
History and major concepts, with readings from and analysis of classical texts such as the Baal Shem Tov, R. Jacob Joseph of Polonnoye, the Maggid, the Tanya, R. Nahman of Bratzlav, and R. Levi Yitzhak of Berdichev.
 
1381; 1382; 1383; 1384 Mussar. 3 credits.
The primacy of ethical conduct and the process of shaping the ethical personality in Judaism, as viewed through the prism of the various personalities and schools of the Mussar Movement; primary and secondary sources are used. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1400-1499 Jewish Laws and Customs.
Jewish laws, customs, and concepts, their history and development.

1401, 1402. 3 credits.
Introduction to sources, texts, terms, and basic concepts of Jewish law.
 
1424. 3 credits.
Visiting the sick and mourning.
 
1431. 3 credits.
Kashrut—for elementary-level students. 

1433. 3 credits.
Kashrut—for intermediate-level students. 

1435; 1436. 3 credits.
Kashrut—for advanced students.

1440. 3 credits.
Home and family—for elementary-level students.

1441. 3 credits.
Home and family—for intermediate-level students.  

1443; 1444. 3 credits.
Home and family—for advanced students.  

1444. 2 credits.
Family Law (Hilchot Niddah); Jewish family purity sources—for advanced students. 

1445; 1446; 1447; 1448. 3 credits.
Women and Jewish Law.

1449. 3 credits.
Marriage: issues and laws relating to dating and marriage—for advanced students. 

1451. 3 credits.
The Sabbath—for elementary-level students. 

1453, 1454. 3 credits.
The Sabbath—for intermediate-level students. 

1455; 1456; 1457; 1458. 3 credits.
The Sabbath—for advanced students. 

1461, 1462. 3 credits.
The Festivals—for elementary-level students. 

1463, 1464. 3 credits.
The Festivals—for intermediate-level students. 

1465; 1466; 1467; 1468. 3 credits.
The Festivals—for advanced students. 

1470S through 1479S Sephardic Laws and Customs.
Laws and customs of major Sephardic communities as compared to those of Ashkenazic communities.

1471S. 2 credits.
Origins and history of Sephardic minhagim.

1473S. 2 credits.
The Sephardic life cycle.

1474S. 2 credits.
Sephardic Sabbath and Festival minhagim.
 
1483; 1484. 3 credits.
The Jewish life cycle: laws and customs of major ritual observances and ceremonies in Jewish life.
 
1485; 1486; 1487; 1488. 3 credits.
Daily life in the home and synagogue: the laws and customs of Tefillin, Kriat Hatorah Betsibbur, Berakhot Rishonot, Berakhot Aharonot.
 
1489; 1490; 1491; 1492. 3 credits.
Interpersonal relationships (such as ethics, charity, slander, revenge, usury).

1493, 1494. 3 credits.
Ideological issues—for intermediate-level students. 

1495; 1496. 3 credits.
Ideological issues—for advanced students. 

1497; 1498. 3 credits.
The Land.
 
1499. 3 credits.
The structure of the Seudah.

1501; 1502; 1503; 1504 Topics in Jewish Ethics. 3 credits.
For advanced students.
 
1510 Development of Jewish Law. 3 credits.
One-term survey of the material covered in 1511, 1512.
 
1511; 1512 Development of Jewish Law. 3 credits.
The halakhic process and the formulation of halakhic literature: from Biblical literature through the Mishnah and Talmud; codification and Responsa; survey of post-Talmudic literature.
 
1521; 1522 Introduction to Gaonic Literature. 3 credits.
First semester: background of the Gaon and his authority; institutions and movements in the Gaonic period; second semester: extensive reading in Gaonic literature, including She'iltot de R. Ahai, siddurim, Gaonic Responsa. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1531; 1532; 1533; 1534 Readings in Maimonides. 3 credits.
Selections from the legal codes and commentaries of Maimonides; analysis of the legal methodology and philosophy of law emerging from his works. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1561; 1562 Mishnah Berurah. 3 credits.
Selections from the Shulhan Arukh with Mishnah Berurah commentary.
 
1571 through 1576 The Individual in Society. 3 credits.
Contemporary social and political problems such as ecology, poverty, welfare, and self-incrimination; emphasis on Jewish legal sources directly applicable to these issues.
 
1579 through 1590 Modern Jewish Problems.
Analysis of halakhic problems that are currently of special interest; modern Responsa literature and its historical background. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.

1579; 1580; 1581. 3 credits.
Survey covering several areas.
 
1582; 1583. 3 credits.
Medical ethics.
 
1584. 3 credits.
Legal problems in the State of Israel.
 
1585. 3 credits.
Problems related to marriage and personal status.
 
1586. 3 credits.
Impact of technology on laws of the Sabbath and Festivals.
 
1587. 3 credits.
The Holocaust—life of the Jews under the Nazis: such problems as the value of human life and human dignity. 

1591 Topics in Jewish Civil Law. 3 credits.
The following topics, among others, as treated in Jewish law: Eichmann defense (i.e., obedience to orders as a basis for exoneration from criminal responsibility); double jeopardy and entrapment in the attempt to control criminals; the obligation to prevent injury to other persons, and its limits.
 
1820 through 1829 Mishnah. 2-3 credits.
Text with classical and modern commentaries.
 
1839; 1840; 1841; 1842 Introduction to Talmud. 3 credits.
Introduction to Talmudic text and commentaries. For intermediate and advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1843; 1844 Intermediate Talmud. 3 credits.
Selected Talmudic texts with medieval and modern commentaries; emphasis on methodology. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1845; 1846; 1847; 1848 Advanced Talmud. 3-4 credits.
Selected Talmudic texts with medieval and modern commentaries; emphasis on methodology; beit midrash method of small group study supplements lectures. For advanced students in Jewish Studies.
 
1851; 1852 Selected Rabbinic Literature. 3 credits.
Selections from fundamental rabbinic texts of the medieval and early modern period.
 
1871; 1872; 1873; 1874 Selections from Midrash. 3 credits.
Readings from aggadic literature. For students on the advanced level in Jewish studies.
 
4901, 4902 Independent Study
See Academic Information and Policies section.
 
4931; 4932 Selected Topics. 3 credits.